Scientific Research on the God Mitra Conducted by European and Asian Scientists

Abstract

This article is in Material objects (monumental temples) found as a result of archaeological excavations by European and Asian scientists, their analysis, and the scientific views of scientists were studied and conclusions were drawn. This paper explores the multidisciplinary research on the ancient Indo-Iranian deity Mitra, drawing on scholarly contributions from both European and Asian researchers. Mitra, a central figure in early Vedic and Avestan texts, has been studied across disciplines such as comparative mythology, linguistics, archaeology, and religious studies. European scholars have focused on Mitra’s role within the Indo-European pantheon and its evolution into the Greco-Roman Mithras cult, emphasizing philological and iconographic evidence. Asian researchers, particularly from India and Iran, have concentrated on indigenous interpretations and the continuity of Mitra worship in cultural traditions and rituals. Comparative analyses reveal that Mitra symbolizes concepts of covenant, harmony, and solar attributes across civilizations. This synthesis of Eastern and Western academic perspectives highlights the global relevance of Mitra and opens new avenues for understanding ancient belief systems, their transmission, and their modern interpretations in mythological and spiritual contexts.